This book contains a key component of the NII 2000 project of the Computer Science and Telecommunications Board, a set of white papers that contributed to and complements the project's final report, The Unpredictable Certainty: Information Infrastructure Through 2000, which was published in the spring of 1996. That report was disseminated widely and was well received by its sponsors and a variety of audiences in government, industry, and academia. Constraints on staff time and availability delayed the publication of these white papers, which offer details on a number of issues and positions relating to the deployment of information infrastructure. Table of ContentsFront MatterThe National Information Infrastructure and the Earth Sciences: Possibilities and ChallengesGovernment Services Information Infrastructure ManagementCutting the Gordian Knot: Providing the American Public with Advanced Universal Access in a Fully Competitive Marketplace at the Lowest Possible CostThe Role of Cable Television in the NIICompeting Definitions of 'Openness' on the GIICommunications for People on the Move: A Look into the FutureBuilding the NII: Will the Shareholders Come? (And if They Don't, Will Anyone Really Care?)The Electronic Universe: Network Delivery of Data, Science, and DiscoveryAn SDTV Decoder with HDTV Capability: An All-Format ATV DecoderNII and Intelligent Transport SystemsPost-NSFNET Statistics CollectionNII Road Map: Residential BroadbandThe NII in the Home: A Consumer ServiceInternetwork Infrastructure Requirements for Virtual EnvironmentsElectric Utilities and the NII: Issues and OpportunitiesInteroperation, Open Interfaces, and Protocol ArchitectureService Provider Interoperability and the National Information InfrastructureFunding the National Information Infrastructure: Advertising, Subscription, and Usage ChargesThe NII in the HomeThe Evolution of the Analog Set-Top Terminal to a Digital Interactive Home Communications TerminalSpread ALOHA Wireless Multiple Access: The Low-Cost Way for Ubiquitous, Tetherless Access to the Information InfrastructurePlans for Ubiquitous Broadband Access to the National Information Infrastructure in the Ameritech RegionHow Do Traditional Legal, Commercial, Social, and Political Structures, When Confronted with a New Service, React and Interact?The Internet, the World Wide Web, and Open Information Services: How to Build the Global Information InfrastructureOrganizing the IssuesThe Argument for Universal Access to the Health Care Information Infrastructure: The Particular Needs of Rural Areas, the Poor, and the UnderservedToward a National Data Network: Architectural Issues and the Role of GovernmentStatement on National Information Infrastucture IssuesProposal for an Evaluation of Health Care Applications on the NIIThe Internet - A Model: Thoughts on the Five Year OutlookThe Economics of Layered NetworksThe Fiber-Optic Challenge of Information InfrastructureCable Television Technology DeploymentPrivacy, Access and Equity, Democracy, and Networked Interactive MediaAs We May Work: An Approach Toward Collaboration on the NIIThe Use of the Social Security Number as the Basis for a National Citizen IdentifierEstimating the Costs of Telecommunications RegulationResidential PC Access: Issues with Bandwidth AvailabilityThe National Information Infrastructure: A High Performance Computing and Communications PerspectiveNomadic Computing and CommunicationsNII 2000: The Wireless PerspectiveSmall Manufacturing Enterprises and the National Information InfrastructureArchitecture for an Emergency Lane on the NII: Crisis Information ManagementAspects of Integrity in the NIIWhat the NII Could Be: A User PerspectiveRole of the PC in Emerging Information InfrastructuresNII Evolution - Technology Deployment Plans, Challenges, and Opportunities: AT&T PerspectiveEnabling Petabyte ComputingPrivate Investment and Federal National Information Infrastructure PolicyThoughts on Security and the NIITrends in Deployments of New Telecommunications Services by Local Exchange Carriers in Support of an Advanced National Information InfrastructureThe Future NII/GII: Views of Interexchange CarriersTechnology in the Local NetworkRecognizing What the NII Is, What It Needs, and How to Get ItElectronic Integrated Product Development as Enabled by a Global Information Environment: A Requirement for Success in the Twenty-first CenturyInteroperability, Standards, and Security: Will the NII Be Based on Market Principles?Technology and Cost Models for Connecting K-12 Schools to the National Information InfrastructureGeodata Interoperability: A Key NII RequirementElectronic CommerceProspects and Prerequisites for Local Telecommunications Competition: Public Policy Issues for the NIIThe Awakening 3.0: PCs, TSBs, or DTMF-TV - Which Is Right for the Next Generation's Public Network?Effective Information Transfer for Health Care: Quality versus QuantityIntegrating Technology with Practice: A Technology-enhanced, Field-based Teacher Preparation ProgramRegNet: An NPR Regulatory Reform Initiative Toward NII/GII CollaboratoriesElectronic Document Interchange and Distribution Based on the Portable Document Format, an Open Interchange Format