Modern science is ever more driven by computations and simulations. In particular, the state of the art in space and Earth science often arises from complex simulations of climate, space weather, and astronomical phenomena. At the same time, scientific work requires data processing, presentation, and analysis through broadly available proprietary and community software.1 Implicitly or explicitly, software is central to science. Scientific discovery, understanding, validation, and interpretation are all enhanced by access to the source code of the software used by scientists. This report investigates and recommends options for NASA's Science Mission Directorate (SMD) as it considers how to establish a policy regarding open source software to complement its existing policy on open data. In particular, the report reviews existing data and software policies and the lessons learned from the implementation of those policies, summarizes community perspectives, and presents policy options and recommendations for implementing an open source software policy for NASA SMD. Table of ContentsFront MatterSummary1 Introduction and Policy Purpose2 Background Materials3 Past and Current Policies4 Lessons Learned from Community Perspectives5 Policy Options and Recommendations6 DiscussionAppendixesAppendix A: Statement of TaskAppendix B: Copyright Issues of Interest to NASA Investigators and Developers of SoftwareAppendix C: Call for White Papers and Listing of Received White PapersAppendix D: Biographies of Committee Members and StaffAppendix E: Acronyms
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