Extremely hazardous substances can be released accidentally as a result of chemical spills, industrial explosions, fires, or accidents involving railroad cars and trucks transporting EHSs. Workers and residents in communities surrounding industrial facilities where these substances are manufactured, used, or stored and in communities along the nation's railways and highways are potentially at risk of being exposed to airborne extremely hazardous substances during accidental releases or intentional releases by terrorists. Pursuant to the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has identified approximately 400 extremely hazardous substances on the basis of acute lethality data in rodents. Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals, Volume 16 identifies, reviews, and interprets relevant toxicologic and other scientific data for selected aliphatic nitriles, benzonitrile, methacrylonitrile, allyl alcohol, hydrogen selenide, ketene, and tear gasin order to develop acute exposure guideline levels (AEGLs) for these high-priority, acutely toxic chemicals. AEGLs represent threshold exposure limits (exposure levels below which adverse health effects are not likely to occur) for the general public and are applicable to emergency exposures ranging from 10 minutes (min) to 8 h. Three levels - AEGL-1, AEGL-2, and AEGL-3 - are developed for each of five exposure periods (10 min, 30 min, 1 h, 4 h, and 8 h) and are distinguished by varying degrees of severity of toxic effects. This report will inform planning, response, and prevention in the community, the workplace, transportation, the military, and the remediation of Superfund sites. Table of ContentsFront MatterAcute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals Volume 16National Research Council Committee Review of Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne ChemicalsAppendixes1 Aliphatic Nitriles Acute Exposure Guideline Levels2 Benzonitrile Acute Exposure Guideline Levels3 Methacrylonitrile Acute Exposure Guideline Levels4 Allyl Alcohol Acute Exposure Guideline Levels5 Hydrogen Selenide Acute Exposure Guideline Levels6 Ketene Acute Exposure Guideline Levels7 Tear Gas (CS) Acute Exposure Guideline Levels
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